![]() ![]() ![]() Pythagoras had been credited with discovering that in a right-angled triangle the square of the hypotenuse is equal to the sum of the squares of the other two sides. Pythagoras was already well known in ancient times for the mathematical achievement of the Pythagorean theorem. Bust of Pythagoras, Musei Capitolini, Rome. Animation demonstrating the simplest Pythagorean triple, 3 2 + 4 2 = 5 2. History The Plimpton 322 tablet records Pythagorean triples from Babylonian times. The worship of Pythagoras continued in Italy and as a religious community Pythagoreans appear to have survived as part of, or deeply influenced, the Bacchic cults and Orphism. Many of the surviving sources on Pythagoras originate with Aristotle and the philosophers of the Peripatetic school.Īs a philosophic tradition, Pythagoreanism was revived in the 1st century BC, giving rise to Neopythagoreanism. Pythagorean ideas exercised a marked influence on Plato and through him, on all of Western philosophy. By about 400 BC the majority of Pythagorean philosophers had left Italy. The mathēmatikoi philosophers were absorbed into the Platonic school in the 4th century BC.įollowing political instability in Magna Graecia, some Pythagorean philosophers fled to mainland Greece while others regrouped in Rhegium. The akousmatikoi were superseded in the 4th century BC as a significant mendicant school of philosophy by the Cynics. Pythagoras' death and disputes about his teachings led to the development of two philosophical traditions within Pythagoreanism. Early Pythagorean communities spread throughout Magna Graecia. Pythagoras established the first Pythagorean community in the ancient Greek colony of Kroton, in modern Calabria (Italy). Pythagoreanism originated in the 6th century BC, based on and around the teachings and beliefs held by Pythagoras and his followers, the Pythagoreans. In Raphael's fresco The School of Athens, Pythagoras is shown writing in a book as a young man presents him with a tablet showing a diagrammatic representation of music theory on a lyre above a drawing of the sacred tetractys. A Philosophical system based on the teachings of Pythagoras. ![]()
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